Zida Zamakono Zamakono
Njira zopangira zitsulo nthawi zambiri zimakhala njira yabwino yopangira mankhwala operekedwa, komabe, munthu amafunikira zida zowonjezera zamakono kuti akwaniritse zofunikira kwambiri komanso zofanana. Kuti muchite izi, zida zamakina zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pochotsa kapena kumaliza chitsulo kapena chitsulo. Zida zamakono zamakina zimayendetsedwa ndi magetsi; Zowonjezera makina opangira makina amatha kutheka pogwiritsa ntchito chida cha makina a CNC, motsogozedwa ndi mapulogalamu apakompyuta. Ubwino waukulu wa zida zamakono zamakina ndizofanana zomwe zimapereka popanga zinthu zambiri zokhala ndi magawo ofanana ndi zofunikira. Zida zambiri zamakina zamakono zimangowonjezera zida zamanja zomwe zakhala zikuchitika kwazaka zambiri. Zopangira zina zatsopano zimatheka chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo.
Zida Zamakono Zogwiritsidwa Ntchito Popanga
Masiku ano, mitundu yodziwika bwino ya zida zopangira makina ndi zitsulo zitha kuyikidwa m'magulu otsatirawa:
Lathes
Makina obowola
Makina osindikizira
Makina osindikizira
Makina osindikizira
Opanga zida
Makina opangira
Makina akupera
Makina osindikizira
Lathe imakhala ndi ntchito yozungulira yomwe chinthu chogwiritsidwa ntchito (panthawiyi, chitsulo) chimayikidwa-chotsatira chake ndi mawonekedwe ofanana ndi enieni a mankhwala. Zinthu zikamazungulira, zida zosiyanasiyana zimagwiritsidwa ntchito podula, kubowola, kubowola kapena kusintha chitsulocho. Kukangana kwa kasinthasintha kamayambitsa kumapereka njira yosavuta yoperekera mawonekedwe ofanana mozungulira mozungulira chinthu chonsecho, kupanga ma lathe kukhala chisankho chabwino pazinthu zomwe zimakhala zofananira mozungulira mozungulira. Miyala imasiyana kukula kwake, ndipo yaing'ono kwambiri imakhala yogwirizira pamanja yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zodzikongoletsera ndi kupanga mawotchi.
Makina obowola, yomwe imatchedwanso makina osindikizira, imakhala ndi kubowola kosasunthika komwe kumakwezedwa kapena kumangirizidwa ku choyimira kapena chogwirira ntchito. Makina osindikizira amagwiritsidwa ntchito mofanana ndi kubowola pamanja ndi mphamvu, komabe, kusasunthika kwa makina osindikizira kumafuna khama lochepa kuti akwaniritse kubowola koyenera ndipo kumakhala kokhazikika. Zinthu monga ngodya ya spindle yobowola imatha kukhazikika ndikusungidwa kuti athe kubowola mobwerezabwereza komanso kosasintha. Mitundu yamakono yamakina obowola imaphatikizapo kubowola zopondapo, zobowolera mabenchi, ndi zobowolera zipilala.
Zofanana ndi makina obowola,makina osindikiziragwiritsani ntchito chodulira chokhazikika chozungulira kuti mupange chitsulo, koma perekani kusinthasintha powonjezeranso kudula m'mbali. Makina ena amakono a mphero ali ndi chodulira cham'manja, pomwe ena ali ndi tebulo la m'manja lomwe limayenda ngati chodulira chosasunthika kuti amalize zomwe akufuna. Mitundu yodziwika bwino yamakina amphero imaphatikizapo makina a mphero pamanja, makina opangira mphero, makina opangira mphero onse ndi makina onse amphero. Mitundu yonse yamakina amphero amapezeka mumayendedwe oyima komanso opingasa.
Amakina ochapiraakufanana ndi makina opangira mphero chifukwa chocheka chozungulira chimagwira ntchito yodula, komabe, amalola kusuntha nthawi imodzi kwa wodulayo ndi mankhwala omwe akupangidwa. Kuthekera kwapadera kumeneku kumapangitsa kuti hobbing ikhale yabwino pakugwiritsa ntchito makina a 3D omwe amafunikira mbiri yamano amodzi. Kudula zida ndi imodzi mwazinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakina amakono opangira hobi.
Makina osindikizira, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti hones, imakhala ndi nsonga imodzi kapena zingapo zozungulira zomwe, popanga zitsulo, zimakulitsa mabowo mpaka m'mimba mwake ndikuwongolera kutha kwa pamwamba. Mitundu yamakina a honing imaphatikizapo zogwira pamanja, zamanja komanso zodziwikiratu. Zopangidwa mothandizidwa ndi honing zimaphatikizapo masilinda a injini.
Pomwe makina a hobbing amadula mano akunja a giya, amakonoopanga zidakupanga mano amkati. Izi zimatheka pogwiritsa ntchito chodulira chobwerezabwereza chomwe chimakhala ndi mawu ofanana ndi omwe akudulidwa. Ojambula magiya amakono amalola kulondola kochulukira mwa kugwiritsa ntchito kugunda kwapatsogolo ndi kulepheretsa sitiroko yakumbuyo.
Okonzandi makina opangira makina akuluakulu omwe amasuntha zitsulo zenizeni kusiyana ndi kusuntha makina odulira. Zotsatira zake zimakhala zofanana ndi za makina ophera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mapulani akhale abwino popanga malo athyathyathya kapena aatali. Makina amakono amphero ndi apamwamba kwambiri kuposa opanga mapulani ambiri; komabe, okonza mapulani akadali opindulitsa pamene zigawo zazikulu kwambiri zachitsulo zimafuna kudulidwa.
Zogayandi zida zamakono zamakina zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito gudumu lopukutira kuti lipange zomaliza kapena zocheperako. Kutengera chopukusira chapadera, gudumu la abrasive kapena mankhwala amasunthidwa mbali ndi mbali kuti akwaniritse zomwe akufuna. Mitundu ya opera imaphatikizapo zopukutira malamba, zopukutira pa benchi, zopukutira za cylindrical, zopukutira pamwamba, ndi zopukutira.
Amakina osindikizira, kapena broach, amagwiritsa ntchito nsonga zazitali za chisel kuti agwiritse ntchito kumeta mizere ndi kukwapula kuzinthu zomwe zaperekedwa. Mabowo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mawonekedwe osakhala ozungulira kuchokera kumabowo omwe adakhomeredwa kale muzitsulo. Amadulanso splines ndi keyways pa magiya ndi pulleys. Rotary broaches ndi gawo lapadera la makina opukutira, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito limodzi ndi lathe kuti apange njira yodulira nthawi imodzi yopingasa komanso yoyima.
