Mitundu ya CNC Machining
Machining ndi mawu opanga omwe amaphatikiza matekinoloje ndi njira zambiri. Itha kufotokozedwa momveka bwino ngati njira yochotsera zinthu kuchokera ku chogwirira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zida zamakina zoyendetsedwa ndi mphamvu kuti ziwoneke ngati zomwe mukufuna. Zigawo zambiri zazitsulo ndi zigawo zimafuna mtundu wina wa makina panthawi yopanga. Zida zina, monga mapulasitiki, mphira, ndi katundu wamapepala, nthawi zambiri amapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito makina.
Mitundu ya Zida Zopangira Machining
Pali mitundu yambiri ya zida zamakina, ndipo zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito zokha kapena molumikizana ndi zida zina pamasitepe osiyanasiyana opanga kuti mukwaniritse gawo lomwe mukufuna. Magulu akuluakulu a zida zamakina ndi awa:
Zida zotopetsa: Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zida zomalizitsira kukulitsa mabowo omwe adadulidwa kale.
Zida zodulira: Zipangizo monga macheka ndi macheka ndi zitsanzo za zida zodulira. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito podula zinthu zokhala ndi miyeso yodziwikiratu, monga chitsulo chachitsulo, kukhala mawonekedwe omwe akufuna.
Zida zoboola: Gululi lili ndi zida zozungulira za mbali ziwiri zomwe zimapanga mabowo ozungulira molingana ndi axis yozungulira.
Zida zopera: Zida izi zimagwiritsa ntchito gudumu lozungulira kuti lifike kumapeto kwabwino kapena kupanga mabala ang'onoang'ono pa chogwirira ntchito.
Zida zogaya: Chida chophera chimagwiritsa ntchito malo odulira mozungulira okhala ndi masamba angapo kuti apange mabowo osakhala ozungulira kapena kudula mapangidwe apadera azinthuzo.
Zida zotembenuza: Zida izi zimazungulira chogwirira ntchito pamzere wake pomwe chida chodulira chimachipanga kuti chipange. Lathes ndi mtundu wofala kwambiri wa zida zotembenuza.
Mitundu ya Burning Machining Technologies
Zida zowotcherera ndi kuwotcha zimagwiritsira ntchito kutentha kupanga chogwirira ntchito. Mitundu yodziwika bwino yaukadaulo wowotcherera ndi kuwotcha makina amaphatikiza:
Laser kudula: Makina a laser amatulutsa nyali yopapatiza, yopatsa mphamvu kwambiri yomwe imasungunula, kusungunula, kapena kuyatsa zinthu. CO2: LAG lasers ndi mitundu yofala kwambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makina. Njira yodulira laser ndiyoyenera kupanga zitsulokapena kukokera mapatani mu chinthu. Ubwino wake umaphatikizira kumalizidwa kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso kudulidwa kwambiri.
Kudula kwamafuta a Oxy: Amadziwikanso kuti kudula gasi, njira yopangira makinawa imagwiritsa ntchito mpweya wosakanikirana wamafuta ndi mpweya kuti usungunuke ndikudula zinthu. Acetylene, petulo, haidrojeni, ndi propane nthawi zambiri amagwira ntchito ngati gasi chifukwa chakuyaka kwambiri. Ubwino wa njirayi ndi monga kunyamulika kwambiri, kudalira pang'ono magwero a magetsi, komanso kudula zida zolimba kapena zolimba, monga zitsulo zolimba.
Kudula kwa plasma: Ma tochi a Plasma amayatsa arc yamagetsi kuti asinthe gasi wa inert kukhala plasma. Madzi a m'madzi a m'magazi amafika pa kutentha kwambiri ndipo amawagwiritsa ntchito mothamanga kwambiri kuti asungunuke zinthu zosafunika. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri pazitsulo zamagetsi zomwe zimafuna kudulidwa bwino komanso nthawi yochepa yokonzekera.
Mitundu ya Erosion Machining Technologies
Pomwe zida zoyaka zimagwiritsa ntchito kutentha kuti zisungunuke katundu wochulukirapo, zida zomangira kukokoloka zimagwiritsa ntchito madzi kapena magetsi kuti zichotse zinthuzo. Mitundu iwiri ikuluikulu ya matekinoloje okokoloka ndi:
Kudula kwa ndege zamadzi: Njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito mtsinje wothamanga kwambiri wamadzi kuti udutse zinthu. Abrasive ufa akhoza kuwonjezeredwa ku mtsinje wa madzi kuti akokoloke. Kudula kwa jeti lamadzi nthawi zambiri kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zomwe zimatha kuwonongeka kapena kupindika kuchokera kumalo okhudzidwa ndi kutentha.
Makina otulutsa magetsi (EDM): Amadziwikanso kuti spark Machining, njirayi imagwiritsa ntchito zotulutsa zamagetsi kuti apange ma micro-crater omwe amabweretsa mwachangu kudula kwathunthu. EDM imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapulogalamu omwe amafunikira mawonekedwe ovuta a geometrical muzinthu zolimba komanso pakulekerera kwapafupi. EDM imafuna kuti zinthu zoyambira zikhale zamagetsi, zomwe zimalepheretsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwake kuzitsulo zachitsulo.
CNC Machining
Makina owongolera manambala apakompyuta ndi njira yothandizidwa ndi makompyuta yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito limodzi ndi zida zambiri. Zimafunika mapulogalamu ndi mapulogalamu, nthawi zambiri m'chinenero cha G-code, kuti atsogolere chida chopangira makina opangira ntchito molingana ndi magawo omwe adakonzedweratu. Mosiyana ndi njira zowongoleredwa pamanja, CNC Machining ndi njira yodzichitira. Zina mwazabwino zake ndi izi:
High kupanga mkombero: Makina a CNC akalembedwa bwino, nthawi zambiri amafunikira kukonza pang'ono kapena nthawi yopumira, kuti azitha kupanga mwachangu.
Mtengo wotsika wopanga: Chifukwa cha liwiro lake lachiwongolero komanso zofunikira zochepa zantchito, makina a CNC amatha kukhala otsika mtengo, makamaka pamagalimoto apamwamba kwambiri.
Kupanga yunifolomu: CNC Machining nthawi zambiri imakhala yolondola ndipo imabweretsa kusasinthika kwakukulu kwa kapangidwe kake.
Precision Machining
Njira iliyonse yopangira makina yomwe imafunikira kulekerera pang'ono kapena kumalizidwa bwino kwambiri kumatha kuonedwa ngati njira yolondola kwambiri. Monga makina a CNC, makina olondola amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito panjira zingapo zopangira ndi zida. Zinthu monga kuuma, kunyowetsa, ndi kulondola kwa geometric zimatha kukhudza ndendende kudulidwa kwa chida cholondola. Kuwongolera koyenda komanso kuthekera kwa makina kuyankha pamitengo yofulumira ya chakudya ndizofunikiranso pamakina olondola.
